Final answer:
The Chiswick House and Gardens was inspired by the Villa Rotunda by Andrea Palladio. Palladian architecture is known for its symmetry and classical temple architecture influence. It became influential in England through architects like Inigo Jones and Richard Boyle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Chiswick House and Gardens in London, designed by Richard Boyle, also known as the 3rd Earl of Burlington, is an exemplary model of Palladian architecture in England. The inspiration for this building comes from Villa Rotunda by Andrea Palladio, who was a renowned Italian architect of the Renaissance period and highly influential in the Classical-style architecture. The correct answer to the provided question is a. Villa Rotunda by Palladio.
Inigo Jones, another prominent figure in architecture, is known for introducing the Italian Renaissance style and the Palladian architecture to England, which emphasizes symmetry and follows the principles of the Classical temple architecture of ancient Greeks and Romans. Villa Rotunda, also known as Villa Almerico Capra, is one of Palladio's most famous works and served as an inspiration not just for Chiswick House but for many buildings during the Palladian movement in England during the 17th and 18th centuries.