Answer:
This dilemma illustrates the concept of "opportunity cost."
Opportunity cost refers to the potential benefit or value that is lost when choosing one alternative over another. In this case, the state government has to make a decision between investing resources in building more roads or allocating those resources to public education programs. By choosing to build more roads, the government foregoes the opportunity to invest in education programs, and the benefits that could have been derived from those programs are lost.
The concept of opportunity cost recognizes that resources are scarce and that choosing one option means giving up the potential benefits that could have been gained from the alternative option. It is a fundamental concept in economics and decision-making, as it helps evaluate the trade-offs involved in making choices and allocating resources.