Final answer:
An individual occupational crime is a crime committed by an individual as part of their job, usually for personal gain. The examples provided in options B and C represent individual occupational crimes because they involve an individual using their work position to gain personally.
Step-by-step explanation:
An individual occupational crime refers to a crime committed by an individual in the context of their occupation, but not on behalf of or for the benefit of the organization. Examples include embezzlement, insider trading, and individual tax evasion. In your examples, 'B. an accountant tells their client that he owes more in taxes than he does, pocketing the difference' and 'C. a traveling salesperson asks for three nights hotel reimbursement when they only spent two' are individual occupational crimes. This is because they involve individual employees abusing their positions for personal gain.
On the other hand, options A and D can be classified as corporate crimes, as they involve corporations or businesses engaging in illegal activities for their benefit. The difference between individual occupational crime and corporate crime lies in who ultimately benefits from the crime and commits the illegal act.
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