The scientific term for a red star is a "red dwarf." Red dwarfs are the most common type of stars in the universe and are often cooler and less luminous than stars like the Sun. They emit a reddish light due to their lower temperature, and they are typically small and have a longer lifespan compared to larger, hotter stars. Red dwarfs are often studied in the field of astronomy, as they play a significant role in the composition of the Milky Way galaxy and are considered potential hosts for exoplanets that may have habitable conditions.