Answer:
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and diuretics
Step-by-step explanation:
Acetazolamide, brinzolamide, dorzolamide, and methazolamide all end with the suffix -amide, indicative that they all belong to the pharmacological class known as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, which is a group of diuretic medications meant to reduce the amount of fluid in the body by mobilizing it to the kidneys to be excreted through the urinary tract as urine or, as we know it in everyday life, pee.
Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that aids in the maintenance of fluid balance within the body, specifically by converting carbonic acid into water and carbon dioxide in the kidneys and vice versa within cells. These medications inhibit this enzyme and cause the kidneys to excrete more fluid than the patient's current baseline allows thereby making blood more acidic and causing a decrease in blood pressure.
They can be administered in the form of eyedrops (dorzolamide and brinzolamide), topical agents (acetazolamide and methazolamide), oral tablets (acetazolamide and methazolamide), and intravenously (acetazolamide). But no matter the route, these medications are classified as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors or diuretics.