Final answer:
The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed between Spain and Portugal in 1494 to divide non-European lands between them. The majority of South America was given to Spain, with the exception of a region that became modern-day Brazil, which went to Portugal. None of the other options provided in the question are accurate descriptions of the treaty’s terms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Treaty of Tordesillas was a significant agreement signed in 1494 between Spain and Portugal. The treaty was designed to divide the newly discovered lands outside of Europe between the two countries, reducing conflicts over the acquisition of lands. The Pope then effectively blessed this division. This division was carried out along a certain meridian of longitude, and territories that fell to the east of this meridian were given to Portugal, while those that fell to the west were given to Spain.
However, the treaty did not split Central and South America between Spain and Portugal accurately enough due to the lack of precise geographical clarity at that time. Thus, when Pedro Álvares Cabral of Portugal landed on the eastern coast of South America in 1500, he was able to claim it for Portugal. Most of South America, however, was deemed to fall within the Spanish domain as per the treaty.
The other options related to the Treaty of Tordesillas offered in the question do not correspond to historical facts. The treaty did not involve any English control over Australia, nor did it limit Spanish northern expansion at modern-day Florida. The treaty wasn’t designed to end any wars, including the Seven Years' War, nor did it end the English practice of raiding Spanish treasure galleons.
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