Final answer:
The understanding that the Earth revolves around the Sun, rather than the Sun revolving around Earth, comes from centuries of astronomical observations and scientific theory. The observational shift in the position of the Sun and other celestial bodies from Earth’s perspective, can be attributed to the Earth’s orbit and daily rotation around its axis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The understanding that Earth revolves around the Sun and not vice versa comes from centuries of astronomical observations and scientific breakthroughs. The ancient belief was the Sun moved around Earth, as it changes position in our sky each day. However, Copernican Principle, marketed by Galileo, revolutionized this notion, showcasing Earth is one of many objects orbiting the Sun.
Earth’s movements and tilt of its axis (approximately 23.5°) explain the Sun's motion in our sky, giving the perception of Sun's daily 'rise' and 'set'. Furthermore, observing Earth’s One Year Rotation around the sun, the sun appears to gradually move eastward relative to the celestial stars.
Today, a visit to a planetarium can visually demonstrate this solar system model with simulations projected against a celestial dome. The movement of the Sun, Moon, and stars displayed in these models, while Earth remains static, illustrate the revolution and rotation of Earth around the Sun.
Learn more about Earth's revolution