Substantive due process, as reflected in option A, underscores the concept of fairness in restraining governmental authority, emphasizing fundamental rights and liberties as limitations on state power, rather than procedural aspects.
Substantive due process is a legal principle emphasizing fairness in limiting governmental power. Contrary to procedural due process, which focuses on the methods and procedures of legal proceedings, substantive due process concerns itself with the substance and content of laws, ensuring they respect fundamental rights and liberties.
This concept acts as a check on arbitrary government actions, aiming to protect individuals from unjust state intrusion. It is rooted in the notion that certain rights are so fundamental that no government action should infringe upon them. Substantive due process plays a crucial role in safeguarding individual freedoms and maintaining a just legal system.
So the correct answer is option A.