Final answer:
The asteroid impact during the Cretaceous period in Mexico resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs due to the disruption of the food chain caused by a global reduction in sunlight.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect of the asteroid impact during the Cretaceous period in Mexico was primarily the extinction of the dinosaurs. The impact caused massive wildfires, earthquakes, and tsunamis, leading to the release of dust and debris into the atmosphere. This resulted in a global reduction in sunlight, which disrupted the food chain and caused the extinction of many plant and animal species, including the dinosaurs.
Learn more about extinction of dinosaurs