Answer:
To calculate the amount of heat required to lower the temperature of a sample of iron, we can use the equation:
q = m * c * ΔT
where:
q is the heat (in Joules),
m is the mass of the sample (in grams),
c is the specific heat capacity of iron (in J/g • ℃), and
ΔT is the change in temperature (in ℃).
Given:
m = 0.695 g
c = 0.442 J/g • ℃
ΔT = (22.7 ℃ - 45.9 ℃) = -23.2 ℃ (Note: We use a negative sign to indicate a decrease in temperature)
Plugging in the values into the equation, we have:
q = 0.695 g * 0.442 J/g • ℃ * (-23.2 ℃)
Calculating this expression, we get:
q ≈ -7.085 Joules
Therefore, approximately 7.085 Joules of heat is required to lower the temperature of the 0.695 g sample of iron from 45.9 ℃ to 22.7 ℃.