Answer:
What tied the abbasid caliphate and the independent muslim states together?
Step-by-step explanation:
The Islamic religion and culture tied the Abbasid Caliphate and the independent Muslim states together. Despite political divisions and differences, they shared a common language, Arabic, and adhered to the same faith, Islam. The Abbasid Caliphate played a significant role in promoting and spreading Islamic culture and learning through their support of scholars, intellectuals, and institutions, which had a far-reaching impact beyond their own borders. Similarly, many independent Muslim states also fostered learning and scholarship, which contributed to the development and spread of Islamic thought and culture. Trade and commerce also played a role in linking the various Islamic states, as merchants and travelers moved goods, ideas, and people across political boundaries.