The correct contrast between Maslow’s and Rogers’ theories of personality is:
Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs, consisting of five levels, which include physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. According to Maslow, people have a natural tendency to satisfy their lower-level needs before moving on to the higher ones. Once the basic needs are met, individuals strive for self-actualization, which is the realization of their full potential and fulfillment of their goals.
On the other hand, Rogers proposed that individuals have an innate tendency towards growth and self-actualization, which can be achieved through congruence between the self-concept and the ideal self. Congruence refers to the degree of match between a person’s self-concept and their experience. Rogers believed that psychological problems arise when the self-concept and the ideal self are not aligned. In order to achieve congruence, individuals need unconditional positive regard, which is acceptance and love from others regardless of their behavior.
Therefore, Maslow and Rogers had different views of what motivates people and how individuals achieve their potential. While Maslow believed that individuals must fulfill their needs in a specific order to reach self-actualization, Rogers emphasized the importance of congruence between the self-concept and the ideal self to achieve personal growth and fulfillment.