Question

The Hawaiian Islands are chain of volcanic islands nearly 2000 miles away from the nearest plate boundary. At which location does the movement of tectonic plates form isolated volcanic islands such as Hawaii?

subduction zone


divergent boundary


hot spot


transform boundary

_______________

As early as the 1600s, scientists noticed that the continents appeared to fit together like puzzle pieces. The idea that the continents were once together and had drifted apart was not widely accepted. In the 1940s, technology used on submarines led to evidence of continental movement. This radar technology allowed the scientists to do which of these?


to explain the causes of continental movement


to determine fossil evidence of continental drift


to reject theories of continental drift


to prevent further movement of continents

_________________________________

When an earthquake occurs, the speed of the seismic waves changes as they what?


are pulled by the force of gravity.


lose energy to surrounding rocks.


reflect off of boundaries.


move through different materials.

__________________________


The continental crust floats on top of the mantle because the crust is _____.


made up of oxygen which is a light element.


made of a liquid material.


separated from the mantle by a layer of water.
____________________________________
Which best describes the mantle of Earth?

a thin layer that is located on the surface

a solid layer made of iron and nickel

the largest layer between the crust and outer core

the smallest layer that is made up of molten rock


15 points.

Answer 1

1. Hot spot

2. To explain the causes of continental movement

3. Move through different materials

4. Separated from the mantle by a layer of water. (Not a good answer, but the other two are entirely wrong!) It is because of density

5. The largest layer between the crust and outer core

Step-by-step explanation:

Volcanoes can also form in the middle of a plate, where magma rises upward until it erupts on the seafloor, at what is called a “hot spot.” The Hawaiian Islands were formed by such a hot spot occurring in the middle of the Pacific Plate. While the hot spot itself is fixed, the plate is moving.

They based their idea of continental drift on several lines of evidence: fit of the continents, paleoclimate indicators, truncated geologic features, and fossils.

Seismic waves travel more quickly through denser materials and therefore generally travel more quickly with depth. Anomalously hot areas slow down seismic waves. Seismic waves move more slowly through a liquid than a solid.

Continental crust floats higher in the mantle than ocean crust because of the lower density of continental crust.

The mantle is about 2,900 kilometers (1,802 miles) thick, and makes up a whopping 84 percent of Earth's total volume.