Answer: 40 grams of calcium will form in the reaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and calcium nitrate is:
2 Na + Ca(NO3)2 → 2 NaNO3 + Ca
This means that for every 2 moles of sodium that react, 1 mole of calcium is produced.
To determine the amount of calcium produced from 46 grams of sodium, we first need to convert the mass of sodium to moles using its molar mass:
46 g Na x (1 mole Na / 23 g Na) = 2 moles Na
Since there is excess calcium nitrate, all 2 moles of sodium will react completely and produce 1 mole of calcium. The mass of calcium can be calculated using its molar mass:
1 mole Ca x 40 g Ca / 1 mole Ca = 40 g Ca
Therefore, 40 grams of calcium will form in the reaction.