In the first question: The outside of this organelle is surrounded by a double layer of thylakoids, which are modifications of the chloroplast's membrane.
In the second: The thick fluid inside this organelle is where many of the reactions of photosynthesis take place. This fluid is called the Stroma, which connects all the organs and serves as a buffer for the products and reactants in use.
In the third: One of the single pancake-like discs in this organelle is called a membrane granum.
In the fourth: The entire organelle shown in the image is called a chloroplast.
In the fifth: One of the 'stacks of pancakes" is called a which is the light-harvesting antennae.
In the sixth: The reason this organello is green is because of the pigment absorbing molecule of this organelle, the pigment is chlorophyll-a (at least in plants, and several unicellular photosynthetic organisms, but it is not the only one).
In the sevent: The gases needed as inputs for photosynthesis enter the plant through small pores called stomata.