In sodium chloride, which is also known as table salt, ionic bonding occurs between the sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) ions.
Sodium has one valence electron, which it donates to chlorine, which has seven valence electrons, in order to achieve a full outer shell. This transfer of electrons results in the formation of positively charged sodium ions (Na+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-).
These oppositely charged ions are then attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, forming an ionic bond. The resulting compound, sodium chloride (NaCl), is held together by this strong ionic bond, which gives it its characteristic properties such as its high melting and boiling points, as well as its ability to conduct electricity when dissolved in water.