Answer:
According to the pluralism theory, distributing power across numerous groups results in the best outcomes for both society and the government. Political pluralism is simply a struggle for the right to have the policy preferences of various interest groups represented in the government; ideally, these interests would be democratically represented in a governmental outcome, mostly in the form of laws. The elite, who typically come from an affluent upper class and have a shared interest in retaining their authority and economic might, have dominated power for most of human history. The goal of pluralism as a political theory was to redress power disparities. Although many other interest groups exist and are partially represented, elitist theory would argue that a power imbalance still exists and that the main interests being promoted are still elitist.
Several interest groups, or a formalized collection of people with a shared social feature or ideology, would ideally share power in a pluralist society. This common social trait or worldview can apply to a variety of interest groups, from business concerns to unions that defend workers' rights. Interest groups can also be formed based on common beliefs about a subject, such as reproductive rights, racial or ethnic identity, or both. However, they could be nonpartisan professional associations like the American Bar Association or even social clubs like motorcycle riders. Another significant method for the public to participate in politics besides voting is through interest groups.
A functioning democracy requires pluralism. A pluralist democracy is one in which different interest groups actively participate in the political process and have their interests represented. Instead of indirectly advocating to politicians by electing members who might represent their views, this approach allows interest groups to speak directly to them.
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