The resistance of a conductor at a given temperature depends on three factors: the material of the conductor, the length of the conductor, and the cross-sectional area of the conductor.
The formula for calculating the resistance of a conductor is:
R = ρ (L / A)
where R is the resistance, ρ (rho) is the resistivity of the material, L is the length of the conductor, and A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor.
The resistivity of a material is a constant that depends on the material and the temperature of the conductor. It is usually given in units of ohm-meters (Ωm). The resistivity of a material increases with temperature, which means that the resistance of a conductor also increases as the temperature of the conductor increases.
The length of the conductor also affects its resistance. The longer the conductor, the greater its resistance. This is because the longer the conductor, the more collisions there are between electrons and the atoms in the material, which hinders the flow of current.
The cross-sectional area of the conductor also affects its resistance. The larger the cross-sectional area, the lower the resistance. This is because a larger cross-sectional area provides more space for the electrons to flow, which reduces the number of collisions between the electrons and the atoms.
In summary, the resistance of a conductor at a given temperature depends on the resistivity of the material, the length of the conductor, and the cross-sectional area of the conductor. These factors are taken into account in the formula for calculating the resistance of a conductor, which is R = ρ (L / A).