Step-by-step explanation:
Magnetic hard disks (HDDs) are a type of storage device used in computers to store data persistently. Here are the basic internal operations of magnetic hard disks:
Platters: The hard disk consists of several circular disks called platters that are made of a rigid material like aluminum or glass. These platters are coated with a thin layer of magnetic material.
Read/Write Heads: Read/Write Heads are small electromagnets that are positioned above and below each platter. The heads move in unison and are attached to a mechanical arm called the actuator. The actuator positions the heads over the appropriate tracks on the platters.
Spindle Motor: The spindle motor rotates the platters at high speed, typically between 5400 and 15000 revolutions per minute (RPM). The faster the RPM, the faster the hard disk can read and write data.
Magnetic Fields: When data is written to the hard disk, the read/write heads create a magnetic field that aligns the magnetic particles on the platters in a specific pattern, representing the data being written.
Reading Data: When data is read from the hard disk, the read/write heads detect the magnetic pattern on the platters and convert it back into digital data. The read/write heads move rapidly over the platters, reading data from multiple tracks simultaneously.
File System: To organize and manage data on the hard disk, a file system is used. A file system keeps track of the location of data on the hard disk, as well as other information such as file names, permissions, and timestamps.
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