Answer:
The American Psychological Association’s (APA) Code of Ethics provides guidelines for ethical conduct in psychological research. The twin study in the documentary "Three Identical Strangers" can be considered unethical in several ways, some of which are in violation of the APA Code of Ethics.
Firstly, the study involved human subjects (the triplets) without obtaining their informed consent. The study was conducted in the 1960s when informed consent was not a requirement, but the APA's current code of ethics requires informed consent from all participants.
Secondly, the study involved deception, as the triplets were separated at birth and not informed of each other's existence. Deception is allowed in research under certain circumstances, but the study did not provide sufficient justification for the deception used.
Thirdly, the study potentially caused psychological harm to the triplets by separating them at birth and keeping them apart for years. The APA Code of Ethics requires that researchers minimize the risk of harm to participants, and the separation of the triplets and the subsequent study may have caused significant psychological harm.
Lastly, the study did not provide the triplets with the option to withdraw from the study at any time. Participants have the right to withdraw from a study at any time without penalty, and the triplets were not given this option.
In conclusion, the APA Code of Ethics provides a framework for ethical research, and the twin study in "Three Identical Strangers" violates several of its guidelines. The study involved human subjects without obtaining their informed consent, involved deception, potentially caused psychological harm to the triplets, and did not provide them with the option to withdraw from the study.
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