Step-by-step explanation:
Anaphora and cataphora are two types of reference relationships in language.
Anaphora is the use of a word or phrase to refer back to a previously mentioned word or phrase. This creates cohesion and coherence in a text by linking related ideas together. For example, in the sentence "John went to the store. He bought some milk," the word "he" is used anaphorically to refer back to John.
Cataphora, on the other hand, is the use of a word or phrase to refer forward to something that has not yet been mentioned. This can serve to introduce new ideas or to create suspense or anticipation. For example, in the sentence "When she arrived at the party, Jane knew she was in for a surprise," the phrase "she was in for a surprise" is used cataphorically to refer forward to the surprise that Jane will experience.
In summary, anaphora and cataphora serve important functions in language by creating cohesion and coherence in a text, and by introducing new ideas or creating suspense or anticipation.