Step-by-step explanation:
Person Deictic Expressions:
First Person: "He ought to close that chapter."
Second Person: "How are you?" (direct address to Soraya)
Third Person: There are no examples of third person deictic expressions in this extract.
Spatial Deictic Expressions:
Demonstrative: There are no examples of demonstrative spatial deictic expressions in this extract.
Deictic Adverb: There are no examples of deictic adverb spatial deictic expressions in this extract.
Temporal Deictic Expressions:
Past Time: There are no examples of past time deictic expressions in this extract.
Present Time: "There is still Soraya." "He pays a detective agency to track her down."
Future Time: There are no examples of future time deictic expressions in this extract.
Anaphoric Reference:
"He" is an anaphoric reference to the protagonist mentioned earlier in the extract.
"This" is an anaphoric reference to the fact that the person on the other end of the phone knows who is calling.
Cataphoric Reference:
There are no examples of cataphoric reference in this extract.