Answer:
A demonstrative pronoun is one that refers to a particular thing or set of related things. Depending on how it is employed in a sentence, it can serve as either a pronoun or an adjective.
The demonstrative pronoun "this" serves as a pronoun and refers to the subject of the discussion. It replaces the word "one thing Solomon says about wisdom in Proverbs 8," in this context.
A demonstrative pronoun that also serves as a pronoun, "they" refers to a certain group of people. In this instance, it replaces the noun "those who seek wisdom early."
A demonstrative pronoun that also serves as a pronoun, "these" refers to a particular set of words. In this instance, it stands in for the noun "words that are directed at me."
A demonstrative pronoun that also serves as a pronoun, "that" refers to the particular term being discussed. In this case, "the term that may also imply 'young'," it replaces a noun.