Question

Just like Mendel, you have grown a pea plant that has two phenotypic traits you are interested in. Round (Dominant) or Wrinkled (Recessive), Yellow (Dominant) or Green (Recessive) After crossing two plants heterozygous in both traits (RrYy x RrYy), you have 556 progenies classified as follows. Calculate their expected progeny phenotypic distributions as if these traits are independently assorted rather than linked. (4 pts)

Observed Values
315 Round, Yellow Seed
108 Round, Green Seed
101 Wrinkles, Yellow Seed
32 Wrinkled, Green Seed
556 Total Seeds
What are the Expected Values for RrYy x RrYy?

Use Chi-Square Analysis and the p-value chart (refer to Lab 4 handout for formula and chart) to determine whether these traits do indeed display independent assortment. Show your work. (4 pts)

What is your null hypothesis? Are the data consistent with your null hypothesis or can you reject the null hypothesis? Provide the p-value evidence to support your case. (4 pts)

List three properties of DNA that would be the same between DNA isolated from strawberries and any other living organism. (3 pts)

List three properties that would be different between DNA isolated from strawberries and the DNA of any other living organism. (3 pts)

If a chromosome is 2 μm long during mitosis and contains about 1.5 cm of supercoiled DNA, how many times must the DNA condense itself during mitosis? Show your work. (1 pt)

If this measurement were the same for all of your chromosomes, how long would your DNA be in the uncondensed form if you joined all of it from end to end? Show your work. (1 pt)

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Null Hypothesis: The trait distributions are consistent with independent assortment.

p-value = 0.020

Since the p-value is less than 0.05, we can reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the traits do not display independent assortment.

Properties of DNA that would be the same between DNA isolated from strawberries and any other living organism:

1. DNA is composed of nucleotides

2. DNA is composed of four bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine)

3. DNA is a double-stranded molecule

Properties of DNA that would be different between DNA isolated from strawberries and the DNA of any other living organism:

1. The order of the nucleotides

2. The number of nucleotides in the sequence

3. The locations of the regulatory sequences

If a chromosome is 2 μm long during mitosis and contains about 1.5 cm of supercoiled DNA, how many times must the DNA condense itself during mitosis?

1.5 cm / 2 μm = 750

Therefore, the DNA must condense itself 750 times during mitosis.

If this measurement were the same for all of your chromosomes, how long would your DNA be in the uncondensed form if you joined all of it from end to end?

750 x 2 μm = 1500 μm = 1.5 cm

Therefore, the total length of the DNA in the uncondensed form would be 1.5 cm.