Final answer:
Harriet Tubman is using pathos to convince her group to keep moving by relating the terrible conditions their ancestors faced.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this excerpt, Harriet Tubman is using pathos to convince her group to keep moving by relating the terrible conditions their ancestors faced. By describing the long agony of the Middle Passage on the old slave ships, the black horror of the holds, and the use of chains and whips, Tubman appeals to the emotions of her group. She wants to remind them of the hardships their ancestors endured and inspire them to continue their journey towards freedom.