The laws that protect individuals in South Africa who have been affected by violent protests include both criminal and civil laws.
Criminal laws:
The South African Police Service (SAPS) is responsible for maintaining law and order during protests. Individuals who commit violent acts during protests can be arrested and charged with crimes such as assault, vandalism, and looting.
Victims of violent crimes during protests have the right to report the crimes to the police, and the police are required to investigate the crimes and bring the perpetrators to justice.
Civil laws:
The Constitution of South Africa provides for the protection of the right to life, freedom and security of the person, and property. Victims of violent protests can seek compensation for damages or injuries suffered as a result of the violence.
The Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act (PIE) protects individuals from being unlawfully evicted from their homes during protests or other forms of unrest.
In addition, the government of South Africa has established a number of bodies to provide support and assistance to victims of violent protests, including the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA), which is responsible for prosecuting those who commit violent crimes, and the Independent Police Investigative Directorate (IPID), which investigates allegations of police misconduct during protests.
Overall, the laws in South Africa provide a range of protections for individuals who have been affected by violent protests, including criminal prosecution for perpetrators of violence, civil remedies for victims, and support and assistance from government bodies.