Final answer:
Roman culture was strongly influenced by Greek civilization. Roman religion incorporated elements of the Greek pantheon, focused on rituals like sacrifices, and did not have a single all-powerful deity but many gods. Christianity rose in prominence, ultimately becoming the official state religion in 380 CE.
Step-by-step explanation:
Roman culture was heavily influenced by Greek civilization. The Roman religion adopted elements of the Greek pantheon, adjusting it to suit Roman culture and language. Religious practice in Rome was centered on prayers, vows, oaths, and sacrifice. The Roman religion did not include a single omnipotent deity but was a polytheistic system with multiple gods and goddesses.
Romans were known for their adaptability in religious matters, often absorbing foreign gods and cults into their religious system. Key figures in the Roman pantheon included the Capitoline Triad of Juno, Jupiter, and Minerva. The flexibility of Roman religion also allowed for the integration of mystery religions which offered spiritual salvation. However, certain practices from other cultures, such as the Etruscan practice of divining the will of the gods, were adopted and integrated into Roman religious rituals.
Over time, the introduction of Christianity began to overshadow the traditional Roman religion. It was eventually established as the state religion by Emperor Constantine in 380 CE. The inclusion of new religious ideologies sometimes created tensions within Roman society, as the empire was established on a foundation that included a mix of religious beliefs and practices.