Answer:
1.An individual's phenotype, including traits such as albinism and melanin production, is determined by their genotype.
2.Albinism and melanin production are both examples of traits that are expressed in an individual's phenotype. Albinism is a genetic condition that results in a lack of melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. In contrast, melanin production is a trait that is determined by a person's genotype, or their specific combination of genetic material inherited from their parents.
The term "phenotype" refers to the observable traits and characteristics of an individual, such as their eye color, hair color, and skin tone. These traits are determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The term "genotype," on the other hand, refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, including both the genes that are expressed (i.e. the ones that determine the phenotype) and those that are not.
So, the sentence "An individual's phenotype, including traits such as albinism and melanin production, is determined by their genotype" means that an individual's observable traits, such as whether or not they have albinism or produce melanin, are determined by their genetic makeup, or genotype