An important achievement of the Golden Age of Muslim culture was the preservation and development of knowledge in various fields, including science, mathematics, philosophy, literature, and the arts. This period, which spanned from the 8th to the 14th centuries, saw a significant exchange of ideas and knowledge between Muslim scholars and other cultures, including Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, and Chinese.
Muslim scholars made significant contributions to the fields of astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, medicine, and architecture, among others. They translated and preserved many classical Greek and Roman works, such as those of Aristotle and Plato, which were lost to the West until the Renaissance. They also developed new ideas and technologies, such as algebra, Arabic numerals, and the astrolabe.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is A) preservation of Greek and Roman ideas.