Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Newton's third law of motion, every action has an equal and opposite reaction. When the astronaut throws the water bottle, the bottle exerts a force on the astronaut in the opposite direction. Therefore, we can consider the force exerted on the water bottle to be equal in magnitude to the force exerted on the astronaut in the opposite direction.
To calculate the force exerted on the water bottle, we can use the formula:
Force = mass x acceleration
The mass of the water bottle is 1.0 kg, and its initial speed is 8 m/s. We can assume that the space station is in a state of free-fall, which means that the acceleration due to gravity is negligible.
Therefore, the force required to move the water bottle is:
Force = mass x acceleration
= 1.0 kg x 8 m/s
= 8 N
Therefore, it took a force of 8 Newtons to move the water bottle.