C. Variations that can be inherited and passed on are called heritable variations.
Step-by-step explanation:
These variations are passed down from one generation to the next through the genetic material, such as DNA, and contribute to the genetic diversity of a species. Heritable variations can result from genetic mutations, recombination of genetic material during reproduction, or the introduction of new genetic material through gene flow from other populations. These variations provide the basis for natural selection and can lead to adaptations that allow organisms to survive and reproduce in changing environments.