Question

Francium, Fr , is thought to be the most reactive of the group 1 alkali metals. However, it is radioactive, has a half-life on the order of minutes, and is available in only small amounts, making it difficult to study. Based on the properties of the other group 1 alkali metals and the periodic trends of these properties, predict the atomic radius, ionic radius of the +1 cation, and the first ionization energy of francium.

Answer 1

Based on the periodic trends for the group 1 alkali metals, we can make some predictions about the properties of francium:

Atomic radius: Francium is expected to have the largest atomic radius among the group 1 alkali metals. This is because atomic radius tends to increase down a group in the periodic table, and francium is located at the bottom of group 1.

Ionic radius: Francium is expected to have the largest ionic radius among the group 1 alkali metals when it forms a +1 cation. This is because ionic radius tends to increase down a group in the periodic table.

First ionization energy: Francium is expected to have the lowest first ionization energy among the group 1 alkali metals. This is because ionization energy tends to decrease down a group in the periodic table, and francium is located at the bottom of group 1. Additionally, the valence electron in francium is farther from the nucleus compared to the other group 1 alkali metals, making it easier to remove.

Step-by-step explanation:

However, it's important to note that the radioactive and short-lived nature of francium makes it difficult to study, and some of these predictions may not be accurate or precise.