Answer:
The duty to design an efficient and functional building foundation typically falls under the responsibility of a civil engineer
Civil engineers are responsible for designing and constructing the foundation of a building. They have the expertise and knowledge to analyze the soil conditions, the load-bearing capacity required, and the type of foundation that is most appropriate for the specific structure. They are trained to design foundations that will ensure the stability and safety of the building for its intended use.
While architects play an important role in designing the overall aesthetics and functionality of a building, they are not typically trained in the technical aspects of foundation design. Contractors and masons, on the other hand, are responsible for executing the construction process, but they are not necessarily equipped to design the foundation.
Therefore, it is the duty of a civil engineer to design an efficient and functional building foundation to ensure the long-term stability and safety of the structure.