To factorise the quadratic expression x² + 6x + 7, we need to find two binomials whose product equals the original expression.
One way to do this is to use the fact that (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b², which can be rearranged to give:
a² + 2ab + b² = (a + b)²
Using this identity, we can rewrite the expression x² + 6x + 7 as:
x² + 6x + 7 = x² + 2(3)(x) + 3² - 3² + 7
Notice that we added and subtracted 3² = 9 inside the parentheses. Now we can use the identity above to write:
x² + 6x + 7 = (x + 3)² - 2² + 7
Simplifying the expression inside the parentheses gives:
x² + 6x + 7 = (x + 3)² - 4
Therefore, we have factored the quadratic expression x² + 6x + 7 as:
x² + 6x + 7 = (x + 3)² - 4