Answer:
There are several factors that contributed to Italy's population explosion and expansion. Here are two possible reasons:
1. Industrialization: Italy experienced a significant economic transformation in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as it transitioned from an agrarian economy to an industrialized one. The growth of industry and commerce led to greater job opportunities, higher wages, and improved standards of living, which in turn encouraged people to have more children.
2. Improved public health: Improvements in public health and medical care also contributed to Italy's population explosion. Advances in sanitation, hygiene, and disease control measures helped to reduce mortality rates, particularly among infants and children. This meant that more people were surviving into adulthood and having children of their own, which led to a higher birth rate and population growth. Additionally, the development of modern medical technologies and practices, such as vaccinations, antibiotics, and surgical techniques, further improved public health and extended life expectancy.