Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
To create a subnetting scheme that will allow 12 subnets each of which should support up to 500 IP addresses using the network address 130.42.0.0/16, we need to determine how many bits are required to represent the subnet portion and the host portion of the IP address.
Since we have a /16 network, the first 16 bits represent the network portion and the remaining 16 bits represent the host portion. We need to borrow some bits from the host portion to create the subnet portion.
To support 12 subnets, we need to have at least 4 bits for the subnet portion because 2^4 = 16, which is greater than 12. Therefore, we can use the first 20 bits (16 bits for the network portion and 4 bits for the subnet portion) to represent the network and subnet portions, and the remaining 12 bits for the host portion.
Since we need to support up to 500 IP addresses in each subnet, we need to have at least 9 bits for the host portion because 2^9 = 512, which is greater than 500. Therefore, we can use the first 20 bits for the network and subnet portions, and the remaining 12 - 9 = 3 bits for the host portion.
Therefore, to service 12 subnets, we need to use 4 bits for the subnet portion, and the remaining 12 bits for the host portion.