Final answer:
The relationship between Indigenous peoples and European colonizers in early U.S. history was predominantly violent and oppressive, marked by disease, warfare, and forced migration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship between Indigenous peoples and colonizers in early U.S. history was generally a fraught and violent one. From the moment of European contact, Native American societies were significantly impacted by colonization, suffering from disease, warfare, and displacement. While there were instances of trade and cooperation, such as with the French in Canada who allied with Indigenous peoples for the fur trade, overall, the Indigenous populations experienced substantial oppression and violence at the hands of European settlers. As European colonization expanded, many Indigenous peoples were uprooted, forcibly removed from their homelands, or subjected to policies like Spain's Encomienda system which exploited Native American labor and resources. The long-term effects of colonization, including cultural and economic consequences, continue to ripple through Indigenous communities today.