Question

If the molecules in the above illustration reacts to form IF3 according to the equation I2+3F2—> 2IF3,

Answer 1

1. The limiting reagent is iodine.
2. 2 moles of
   `IF_3` molecules will be formed.
3. one molecule of fluorine is in excess.

From the illustration, there are 7 molecules of fluorine and 2 molecules of iodine. From the balanced equation of the reaction, 1 molecule of iodine reacts with 3 molecules of fluorine to produce 2 molecules of
`IF_3`.

Thus, stoichiometrically, 2 molecules of iodine will require 6 molecules of fluorine to produce 4 molecules of the product. This will exhaust the total number of iodine molecules present in the illustration. We are now left with one molecule of fluorine.

In other words, the limiting reagent is iodine, a maximum of 2 moles of the product are formed and 1 molecule of fluorine will remain as excess.

Answer 2

Chemistry => Stoichiometry =>Limiting reactant

The limiting reactant corresponds to the reactant that produces the least amount of product, or in other words, the one that is completely consumed in the reaction.

To find the limiting reactant we are going to divide the moles of each reactant by the stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced equation, the reactant with the lowest ratio will be the limiting reactant.

According to the figure, the number of moles of I2 will be 2 moles, and the number of moles of F2 will be 7 moles.

So, we have:

`\begin{gathered} I_2\rightarrow(2)/(1)=2 \\ \\ F_2\rightarrow(7)/(3)=2.3 \end{gathered}`

So, the limiting reactant is I2.

The number of moles of IF3 formed will be calculated with the ratio IF3 to I2 equal to 2/1:

`molIF_3=2molI_2*2mol(IF_3)/(I_2)=4molIF_3`

The moles in excess of F2 will be the initial moles minus the moles that react. The moles that react of F2 will be:

`molF_2=2molI_2*(3molF_2)/(1molI_2)=6molF_2`

So, the moles in excess of F2 will be:

`molF_2(Excess)=7molF_2-6molF_2=1molF_2`

In summary, the answer will be:

The limiting reagent is Iodine;

the number of IF3 molecules formed is 4, and

the number of F2 molecules in excess is 1