Answer:
The end of the colonial period and the establishment during 1957–76 of all the former colonies as independent states was attributable both to a change in European attitudes toward Africa and the possession of colonies and to an African reaction to colonial rule born of the economic and social changes it had produced.
Two world wars and a crippling economic depression within thirty years left European society exhausted and its military forces depleted. Western Europe recovered economically but could no longer maintain the colonial structures through which it had exerted global power.
Julius Nyerere, the Tanzanian anti-colonial theoretician who would lead his own country to independence in 1961, described that historic day in Accra as "the beginning of the end of colonialism for the whole of Africa," in a speech at Ghana's 40th independence anniversary in 1997.