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All digits in a dropdown number are different and one of its digits is the average of all its digits. It has at least two digits. For example, 5021 is a dropdown number, but neither 4389 nor 6033 is a dropdown number. How many 3 digit dropdown numbers are there?

User JLearner
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1 Answer

5 votes

Answer:

112

Explanation:

You want the number of 3-digit "dropdown numbers".

Dropdown number

A "dropdown number" has distinct digits, one of which is the average of all digits.

We can count the number of dropdown numbers by considering the digit that is the average of the rest. For that digit (n), the number of possible choices of the other digits is the lesser of (n) or (9-n). For example, for n=2, we can have other digit pairs of (0, 4) or (1, 3). For n=6, we can have other digit pairs of (5, 7) or (4, 8) or (3, 9).

Counting

The value of n may range from 1–8, inclusive, so the number of digit triples will be 2(1 +2 +3 +4) = 20. Each triple of digits can be arranged 6 ways, for a total of 20·6 = 120 numbers of 3-digits.

Of those, 8 numbers will have a leading 0, so may not count as 3-digit numbers. That leave a total of 120 -8 = 112 3-digit dropdown numbers.

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Additional comment

The first 5 in numerical order are ...

102, 120, 123, 132, 135

The last 5 are ...

957, 963, 975, 978, 987

In general, a number on the list, m, has a corresponding number 999-m also on the list. The exceptions are numbers that have a leading digit of 0.

User Matthew Goslett
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