South Africa and Apartheid: Apartheid was a system of racial segregation and discrimination enforced in South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s, which institutionalized racial discrimination against Black people and other non-white groups.
African National Congress (ANC): The African National Congress is a political party in South Africa that was founded in 1912 to fight for the rights of Black South Africans and bring an end to apartheid. It was instrumental in the struggle against apartheid and played a major role in the eventual establishment of democracy in South Africa.
President F.W. de Klerk: Frederik Willem de Klerk was the last State President of apartheid-era South Africa. He is best known for his role in dismantling apartheid and negotiating a peaceful end to racial segregation with Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
Nelson Mandela: Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and political leader who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He spent 27 years in prison for his activism before being released in 1990, and is widely regarded as one of the most significant figures in South African history, having played a key role in bringing about the end of apartheid and promoting reconciliation and social justice in the post-apartheid era.