Answer:
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Step-by-step explanation:
Effects of Electric Current:
Electric current is the flow of electric charges in a conductor. When a current passes through a conductor, it produces several effects, some of which include:
1. Heating effect: The heating effect of electric current occurs when the current passes through a conductor, and the resistance of the conductor converts some of the electrical energy into heat. This effect is utilized in electric heaters, electric stoves, and incandescent light bulbs.
2. Magnetic effect: When an electric current passes through a conductor, it produces a magnetic field around the conductor. This effect is utilized in devices like motors and generators.
3. Chemical effect: Electric current can also cause chemical reactions to occur. This effect is utilized in batteries and electrolysis.
4. Electric shock: When electric current passes through the human body, it can cause an electric shock, which can be fatal.
Factors Affecting the Heat Produced in a Conductor:
When an electric current flows through a conductor, some of the electrical energy is converted into heat due to the resistance of the conductor. The amount of heat produced in the conductor is dependent on several factors, including:
1. Current: The higher the current flowing through the conductor, the greater the amount of heat produced.
2. Resistance: The higher the resistance of the conductor, the greater the amount of heat produced.
3. Time: The longer the current flows through the conductor, the greater the amount of heat produced.
4. Material: Different materials have different resistances and will therefore produce different amounts of heat for the same current flowing through them.
5. Cross-sectional area: The larger the cross-sectional area of the conductor, the less the amount of heat produced for the same current flowing through it.
6. Temperature: The temperature of the conductor also affects the amount of heat produced. As the temperature of the conductor increases, its resistance also increases, and more heat is produced for the same current flowing through it.