Answer :
The implications of hybrid systems on substance democracy in Ghana depend on various factors, such as the nature of the hybrid system, its design, and the political culture and history of the country.
In general, however, hybrid systems can have both positive and negative effects on substance democracy, which refers to the degree to which a democratic system is characterized by the rule of law, accountability, and citizen participation.
On the positive side, hybrid systems can help to strengthen substance democracy by providing mechanisms for checks and balances and promoting accountability.
For Example :
In Ghana, the hybrid system of governance, which combines elements of traditional authority and formal democratic institutions, has been credited with promoting local participation in decision-making and providing a mechanism for conflict resolution.
On the negative side, hybrid systems can also have the potential to undermine substance democracy by perpetuating inequalities and limiting citizen participation.
For Example :
In some cases, traditional authorities may be co-opted by political elites and used to manipulate the electoral process and limit democratic participation.
Overall, the implications of hybrid systems on substance democracy in Ghana depend on how well the system is designed and implemented, and how it interacts with existing political institutions and social norms.
As with any political system, the success of a hybrid system depends on the political will of leaders and the engagement and participation of citizens in the democratic process.