The Daniel Defoe novel that featured a desert island is "Robinson Crusoe". The novel was published in 1719 and tells the story of a man named Robinson Crusoe who becomes stranded on a deserted island after a shipwreck. The story follows Crusoe's efforts to survive on the island and his eventual rescue. "Robinson Crusoe" is considered a classic of English literature and has been adapted into numerous films, plays, and other forms of media.