The human body maintains body temperature through a process called thermoregulation. Thermoregulation is the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal temperature despite changes in the external environment.
The hypothalamus, a part of the brain, acts as a thermostat, receiving input from temperature sensors located throughout the body. When the body senses that it is too cold, it will initiate various physiological responses to generate heat, such as shivering, increasing metabolic rate, and constricting blood vessels in the skin. These responses help to conserve heat and keep the body warm.
Conversely, when the body senses that it is too hot, it will initiate responses to release heat, such as sweating, increasing blood flow to the skin, and panting. These responses help to cool the body down and prevent overheating.
Overall, the human body's ability to maintain a constant internal temperature is crucial for proper functioning of the body's metabolic processes and overall health.