Answer
English learners may require explicit instruction on certain aspects of English vocabulary that native English speakers often acquire naturally. Here are some examples of vocabulary instruction that may be appropriate for English learners:
Idiomatic expressions: English learners may benefit from explicit instruction on idiomatic expressions, which are phrases that have a meaning that is different from the literal meaning of the individual words. Native speakers may acquire these expressions through exposure and experience, but English learners may need to be taught them explicitly.
Academic vocabulary: English learners may need explicit instruction on academic vocabulary, which is the specialized language used in academic contexts. This may include words and phrases related to specific subjects, as well as more general academic language such as "hypothesis" or "experiment."
Collocations: English learners may benefit from instruction on collocations, which are words that frequently occur together. For example, "make" often collocates with "a decision," "an appointment," or "a mistake." Native speakers may not be aware of these patterns and may acquire them through exposure rather than explicit instruction.
Register and tone: English learners may need instruction on how to use vocabulary appropriately in different registers and tones. For example, the language used in a formal essay will be different from the language used in a casual conversation. Native speakers may acquire this knowledge through exposure and experience, but English learners may need explicit instruction.
Vocabulary for specific purposes: English learners may need vocabulary instruction that is specific to their needs and interests. For example, a student studying business may need instruction on business-related vocabulary, while a student studying medicine may need instruction on medical terminology. Native speakers may not need this type of instruction because they may already be familiar with the vocabulary that is relevant to their interests and needs