Answer:
"standing" requirement
Step-by-step explanation:
The requirement that the party bringing a lawsuit must have an injury in fact, that is direct, concrete, and individualized, is referred to as the "standing" requirement.
Standing is a legal principle that determines whether a party has the right to bring a lawsuit in court. To have standing, a party must have suffered an injury in fact that is actual or imminent, rather than hypothetical or speculative. The injury must be directly caused by the defendant's actions, and it must be redressable by a favorable decision in court.
The standing requirement is designed to ensure that courts only hear cases that involve real controversies between the parties, and to prevent parties from bringing frivolous or speculative lawsuits. It is an important part of the legal system in many countries, including the United States.