Final answer:
Musical instruments are categorized in ethnomusicology as aerophones, chordophones, membranophones, and idiophones, based on their sound-producing methods. Without hearing the specific piece 'mikor a penze elfogyott', it's not possible to determine the instrument group, but each type has distinct sound characteristics that help identify them.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the classification system used in ethnomusicology, the four main types of musical instruments are aerophones (wind instruments), chordophones (stringed instruments), membranophones (instruments with a membrane, such as drums), and idiophones (self-sounding instruments). Each of these categories represents a different method by which the instruments produce sound. For instance, aerophones produce sound by vibrating air, chordophones do so with vibrating strings, membranophones with vibrating membranes, and idiophones generate sound from the material of the instrument itself, without requiring strings, membranes, or air flow.
Considering the example 'mikor a penze elfogyott 0.03', without having the audio it is impossible to determine precisely which instrument group is heard in the example. However, a common approach to discerning the type of instrument being played is to listen for specific characteristics of sound production. If it's a buzzing of strings, it's likely a chordophone; if there's a striking or shaking sound, we might be hearing an idiophone; if air blowing is a factor, then an aerophone could be involved; and if the sound is produced by striking a skin or membrane, it's probably a membranophone.