Answer:
The Great Migration was a massive movement of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North and West between the years of 1916 and 1970. Here are some push factors that contributed to this migration:
Racism and Discrimination: Jim Crow laws in the South created a system of racial segregation and discrimination that limited the opportunities available to African Americans. Black people were denied the right to vote, could not attend integrated schools, and faced violence and harassment from white supremacist groups like the Ku Klux Klan. This pervasive racism made life in the South difficult and dangerous for African Americans.
Economic Disadvantage: Sharecropping was a common economic arrangement in the South that left African American farmers in a state of debt and poverty. The boll weevil infestation destroyed much of the region's cotton crops, and many African Americans lost their livelihoods as a result. The lack of economic opportunities and the cycle of poverty made it difficult for African Americans to improve their lives in the South.
Violence and Fear: Racial violence, including lynchings, riots, and bombings, was a constant threat to African Americans in the South. The fear of violence, along with the desire for a better life, pushed many African Americans to leave the region and seek safety and opportunity elsewhere.
World War I and II: The need for workers in Northern factories during the First and Second World Wars led to a labor shortage, and African Americans were recruited to fill the gap. This migration increased in the postwar years, as African Americans sought better jobs and a better life in the North and West.