Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
1) The necessary components required to start the transcription of a gene include the DNA template strand, RNA polymerase, and a promoter region. The promoter region is a specific sequence of DNA that signals the start site of transcription and determines where RNA polymerase will bind to the DNA. In addition, transcription factors (both positive and negative) can also be involved in the initiation of transcription by binding to the promoter region and influencing the activity of RNA polymerase.
To create a protein, the transcribed RNA molecule must undergo post-transcriptional modifications such as splicing, capping, and polyadenylation. This processed RNA is called messenger RNA (mRNA) and can be translated into a protein by ribosomes in a process called translation.
1) The length of the transcribed region of a gene (the region that is transcribed into RNA) can impact the length of the gene, as the length of the transcribed region determines the length of the resulting mRNA molecule. If a portion of the gene is not transcribed, then it will not be included in the mRNA and will not contribute to the final protein. However, the length of the gene itself does not directly impact the length of the transcribed region or the resulting mRNA.
2) If you accidentally produce a gene (strand of DNA) after filling up all five of your protein shapes, you could eliminate this DNA through degradation. Enzymes called nucleases can degrade the excess DNA and remove it from the cell. In some cases, cells may also use processes such as programmed cell death (apoptosis) to remove cells that contain abnormal or excess DNA.
3) Negative transcription factors work by inhibiting the activity of RNA polymerase and preventing the transcription of a gene. They can bind to the promoter region or to specific sequences within the gene itself, blocking the binding of RNA polymerase and suppressing transcription.
4) There are more than one positive transcription factors on each of the three genes because different genes may be regulated by different sets of transcription factors. Positive transcription factors can increase the rate of transcription by binding to specific sequences within the promoter region and enhancing the binding and activity of RNA polymerase. Having multiple positive transcription factors on a gene allows for more complex and nuanced regulation of gene expression, as different factors may have different binding specificity and responsiveness to different stimuli.